If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with drop foot, you might be asking: Is there a cure? As a physical therapist, I hear this question often. The answer isn’t always simple, but what I can tell you is this—while foot drop may not always be “cured,” it can often be managed or improved significantly, especially with the right physical therapy strategies in place.
In this blog post, we’ll explore what causes drop foot, when it might be reversible, and how physical therapy plays a key role in helping people live better, safer, and more confidently with this condition.
Drop foot, or foot drop, is not a disease—it’s a neuromuscular symptom. It refers to difficulty lifting the front part of the foot (called dorsiflexion), which can make walking difficult and lead to dragging the toes. People with drop foot often adapt by lifting their knees higher while walking (a “steppage gait”) to avoid tripping.
This condition can occur on one or both sides and can vary in severity. Some people only notice drop foot during fast walking or when tired, while others experience it all the time.
There are several underlying causes of foot drop, and determining the cause is a key step in understanding whether it can be reversed or best managed.
The most common cause of drop foot is damage to the peroneal nerve, which controls the muscles that lift the foot.
Compression during surgery (like hip or knee replacement)
Crossing the legs for prolonged periods
Injury to the lower back (e.g., herniated disc, spinal stenosis)
Trauma to the knee or fibula area
If the nerve damage is mild or temporary, function may return over time.
Diseases that affect the central nervous system can also lead to drop foot.
Stroke
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Cerebral palsy
Parkinson’s disease
In these cases, drop foot may be part of a larger picture of muscle weakness and impaired movement.
Certain muscular dystrophies and autoimmune muscle conditions can lead to weakness in the muscles responsible for lifting the foot.
Sometimes drop foot develops after orthopedic surgeries or as a result of prolonged immobility or joint stiffness.
The potential for a full recovery depends entirely on the underlying cause:
Temporary nerve compression (such as after sitting too long or after surgery) may fully recover with time and rehab.
Permanent nerve damage or degenerative neurological diseases may not be curable, but symptoms can often be managed with physical therapy, bracing, and assistive devices.
If your doctor has ruled out surgical or medical interventions, physical therapy becomes a crucial next step.
As a physical therapist, my role is to help people with drop foot regain as much function and safety as possible. While we may not be able to “cure” the underlying condition, we can dramatically improve your mobility, strength, gait, and confidence.
Here are several tools and techniques physical therapists use to address drop foot:
We target the muscles responsible for lifting the foot and stabilizing the ankle. Even if full strength doesn’t return, improving surrounding muscle control helps with compensation.
Examples:
Ankle dorsiflexion with resistance bands
Toe raises
Heel walking (as tolerated)
Hip and knee strengthening to support gait mechanics
When the foot remains in a dropped position, the calf and Achilles tendon can become tight, which further impairs mobility.
We incorporate:
Gentle calf and hamstring stretches
Passive range-of-motion for the ankle joint
Manual therapy techniques to reduce stiffness
One of the most valuable interventions we provide is gait re-education. Drop foot affects how you walk, and poor compensatory patterns can lead to hip, knee, or back pain.
Goals of gait training include:
Improving symmetry and efficiency in walking
Teaching safe strategies to reduce tripping and falling
Training in different surfaces and conditions (carpet, curbs, stairs)
In appropriate cases, we use electrical stimulation to activate the dorsiflexor muscles during walking. This technology uses a small device to deliver electrical impulses to the nerve and muscles, helping lift the foot at the right time during gait.
FES can be a game-changer for patients with partial nerve function or recovering from stroke.
When muscle recovery is limited or inconsistent, a custom orthotic brace may be used to hold the foot in a neutral position and prevent tripping.
Modern AFOs are:
Lightweight and low-profile
Can be worn inside regular shoes
Help restore a more natural gait pattern
We’ll assess your strength, range of motion, and walking pattern to determine whether an AFO is needed—and what type will work best for you.
Foot drop increases the risk of falls, especially when stepping on uneven surfaces, climbing stairs, or changing directions.
In physical therapy, we incorporate:
Balance exercises
Core strengthening
Fall recovery training so you know what to do if a fall does occur
Choose supportive shoes with firm soles and a wide toe box. Avoid flip-flops or slippers.
Watch your surroundings—cords, rugs, and uneven sidewalks can be fall hazards.
Practice foot-awareness exercises daily to improve motor connection and control.
Don’t ignore fatigue—many people with drop foot tire easily and may need breaks or mobility aids for longer outings.
You should seek a physical therapy evaluation if:
You’re dragging your foot while walking
You’re tripping more often than usual
You’ve been diagnosed with peroneal nerve palsy, stroke, or other causes of foot drop
You’ve already seen a doctor but were told there’s nothing more they can do medically
The earlier you begin therapy, the better the outcomes. Even if the underlying condition can’t be reversed, physical therapy helps you stay safe, independent, and confident.
During your first physical therapy visit, we will:
Review your medical history and imaging (if available)
Assess your strength, joint mobility, balance, and gait
Set short- and long-term goals based on your lifestyle
Begin a tailored exercise plan and recommend any necessary devices
Drop foot can feel like a major setback—but it doesn’t have to define your life. While a full cure may not always be possible, physical therapy offers powerful tools to help you walk better, fall less, and stay active.
You are not alone in this journey, and you don’t have to figure it out on your own. With the right support and strategies, many people with foot drop return to walking confidently, doing the things they love, and living with purpose.
At HWY Physical Therapy, we specialize in helping adults regain strength, balance, and control after injuries, surgeries, or neurological diagnoses. If you or someone you love is living with foot drop, schedule a virtual consultation with us today.
Let’s take the next step together—safely and confidently.